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Guide for business owners

How to Have a Difficult Conversation With an Employee

Most people problems get worse because the difficult conversation keeps getting put off. The good news: these conversations are a skill, not a personality trait, and a simple structure makes them far easier and far more effective. Here is how to handle one well.

Written by Samantha Newton FCIPD, Chartered Fellow CIPD · 5 min read · Last reviewed June 2026

Samantha writes a weekly HR column for Health & Wellbeing Magazine.

Prepare, and be specific

Vague feedback helps no one. 'Your attitude needs to change' lands as an attack and gives nothing to act on. Before the conversation, get clear on the specific behaviour or issue, with examples, and what good would look like instead.

Preparation also calms your nerves. If you know exactly what you want to say and why, you are far less likely to either avoid it or come in too hot.

First move

Write down the specific issue and one or two real examples before the conversation.

How I help with employee situations →

Open well, then listen

Start calmly and directly, without a long wind-up. State what you have noticed, factually, and then genuinely listen. Often there is context you did not know, and the conversation changes once you hear it.

Listening is not weakness. It is what turns a confrontation into a conversation, and it is usually where the actual solution appears.

First move

Say what you have observed plainly, then ask 'what's going on?' and let them answer.

Agree what happens next

Do not let it end as a vague airing of feelings. Agree what will change, by when, and how you will check in. Then follow up. A conversation with no agreed next step rarely changes anything.

Done early and kindly, most of these conversations resolve the issue long before it ever becomes a formal process.

First move

Close by agreeing one or two specific actions and a date to review.

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Key takeaways

  • Be specific. Vague feedback feels like an attack and gives nothing to act on.
  • Open calmly, then genuinely listen, the real issue often surfaces there.
  • Agree clear next steps and follow up.
  • Dreading a conversation that could turn into something bigger? The free Situation Check will tell you if it needs more.

Dealing with one of these right now?

Get a clear, honest read on what you're facing and the safe next step, in about three minutes.

Start the Employee Situation Check
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